Kaedah Pengajaran Teknologi Komputer

• Istilah yang sinonim Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Bantuan Komputer (PPBK) adalah:
  1. CAI : Computer Assisted Instruction (US)
  2. CBE : Computer Based Education
  3. CAL : Computer Assisted Learning (UK)
  4. IAC : Instructional Appplications of Computer
  5. CBI : Computer Based Instruction (US)
  6. CBL : Computer Based Learning (UK)
• Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)- satu medium pengajaran yang mengandungi kandungan atau aktiviti yang disediakan oleh komputer.
• Pelajar berinteraksi terus menggunakan komputer & mendpt maklumbalas serta-merta.
  
• CAI - kaedah pengajaran menggunakan komputer semasa P&P
• DRILL & PRACTICE
  It provides opportunities for practice when mastery of a new skill or information is desired.
  It should be used after initial instruction.
• TUTORIAL
  It is used to introduce new information that must be taught in a sequential manner.
  It is useful for teaching factual information, simple discrimination, rules, and simple application of rules.
• SIMULATION
  It is most often used when practicing a skill in its real context is too costly or dangerous.
  It provides an opportunity for experimentation, and allows students to test assumptions in a realistic context.
  Simulations are also used to model real-world situations that are not physically dangerous or costly, in order to build realism and relevance into the training situation.
• GAME
  Games supplement are used to provide motivating and engaging opportunities for practice after a skill or new information is taught.
  Games capitalize on the competitive interests of learners and add entertainment value to instruction.
• PROBLEM-SOLVING
  It helps students develop skills in logic, solving problems, and following directions, and is generally used to augment higher order thinking skills.
  

Langkah-Langkah Penting dalam Reka Bentuk Bahan

• Analisis
• Design
• Development
• Implement
• Evaluate

or ADDIE

Istilah Berkaitan Internet

LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Internet - Inter Networking
Twisted-paired cable - cable used to connected to Internet
URL - Uniform Resource Locator
HTML - Hypertext Markup Language or Tag
Hyperlink - connection to layers of information

‘Wellivers Instructional Transformation Model’

‘Wellivers Instructional Transformation Model’

Pertama, pelajar boleh belajar dan peranan guru adalah untuk membantu mereka dalam proses ini. Andaian kedua ialah kerja-kerja akademik adalah tidak semata-mata simpanan maklumat. Sebaliknya, guru mahukan pelajar mereka boleh memesrakan maklumat menjadi penyelesai masalah.Bila guru menjadi pemudahcara pembelajaran dan mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam strategi pengajaran mereka, mereka akan berkembang ke beberapa tahap pembangunan. Contohnya Model Pengajaran Transformasi Wellivers menerangkan lima tahap hiraki integrasi teknologi yang mana guru mesti lakukan untuk mengitegrasikan teknologi dengan berkesan.

• mengenal pasti tajuk
• tentukan hasil pembelajaran
• pilih media yang sesuai
• menentukan bentuk pembelajaran
• menilai teknologi yang digunakan

Constructivism vs Cognitivism

Main features of Constructivism

•Problem-oriented
•Knowledge generation
•Rich environment
•Exploratory learning
•Authentic evaluation method
•Student-centered
•Group work

Main features of Cognitivism

• Cognitivists focus on the actual content (organization of information, creating patterns for recognition)
• cognitive learning theories examine the thought processes that occur between the stimulus and the response (Rieber, 1994, p. 97)
• Cognitivists have done well in exploring the impact of "content" on the learning process
• E-learning offers many well documented advantages over instructor-led training

Digital Divide

The term digital divide refers to the gap between people with effective access to digital and information technology and those with very limited or no access at all. It includes the imbalances in physical access to technology as well as the imbalances in resources and skills needed to effectively participate as a digital citizen. In other words, it is the unequal access by some members of society to information and communication technology, and the unequal acquisition of related skills. The term is closely related to the knowledge divide as the lack of technology causes lack of useful information and knowledge

Integrating Computer for Inquiry (NTeQ)

When the computer is integrated as a tool, students apply the same skills used in the workplace to analyze and manipulate information. By using the computer in this manner, students not only learn lesson objectives but also develop real-life knowledge and skills. This type of integration supports the current teaching practices, which emphasize a student-centered, open-ended learning environment that uses realistic contexts for learning.